NAVIGATION,CARGO WORK AND SEAMANSHIP TECHNIQUES

Friday, 21 November 2014

GENERAL DUTIES OF THE CHIEF OFFICER

AT SEA OR AT ANCHOR :

Keeping bridge watch from 0400hours to 0800hours and 1600hours to 2000hours under the supervision of the master.

WHEN BERTHING OR UNBERTHING :

On the bridge,as the second in command.

DURING FIRE STATIONS :

In charge of the attack party at the seat of the fire.

DURING BOAT STATIONS :

In charge of a boat.

AT ALL TIMES :

* The chief officer is the person next in line of command of the ship.He is the head of the deck department.

* In charge of all cargo operations : This includes planning,hold/tank preparation,loading,segregating,discharging,ballasting and de-ballasting,signing of mates receipt and all correspondence relating to cargo.
On general cargo ships, additional cargo related duties include supervision of work being done by stevedores,lashing/securing of cargo,trimming of bulk cargo,segregation of incompatible goods and special precautions for hazardous cargoes.

* In charge of stress calculations of the ship at all times during loading/discharging,deballasting/ballasting,still water conditions as well as rough sea wave conditions.

* In charge of the stability of the ship and all related calculations.

* In charge of the maintanance and repairs of all deck appliances,FFA and LSA,Gas measuring instruments,hull,deck,superstructure,accomdation,cargo spaces,fresh water tanks,ballast tanks,store rooms,etc. Supervision of maintanence/repair work being done,for the deck department,by shore labour.

* In charge of all stores in deck department including paints,cargo spares,ropes,wires,dunnage,lashing gear,etc.

* In charge of the safety and security of all personnel abroad including maintanence of anti-pilferage and anti-piracy watches whenever necessary.

* In charge of the making of contingency plans to deal with emergencies including the making of muster lists for boat and fire stations.

* Allocation of daily work to the deck crew and the supervision thereof.

* Allocation of daily work to deck cadets and supervision of their training.

* The chief officer is normally designated as 'shipboard training officer' for the training of cadets,subordinate officer and crew.

* In charge of enforcement of drug and alcohol policy on board.

* Social responsibilities includes ensuring that rights of the crew are not violated with regard to food,apparel,equipement,etc.

* Any other duties assigned by master.

Wednesday, 19 November 2014

GENERAL DUTIES OF SECOND OFFICER

AT SEA OR AT ANCHOR :

Keeping bridge watch from 0000hours to 0400hours and 1200hours to 1600hours under the supervision of the master.

IN PORT :

Keeping cargo / deck watch twelve hours a day(normally in 6 hours shifts) under the direction of the chief officer.

DURING FIRE DRILL :

In charge of boat deck party.

DURING BOAT DRILL :

In charge of a boat.

WHEN BERTHING OR UNBERTHING :

In charge of the station aft.

AT ALL TIMES :

* In charge of charts and publications and all bridge equipement under the direction of the master.

* In charge of all medical treatment and medical stores under the direction of the master.
In port,first aid will be rendered by the officer on cargo/deck watch but follow up treatment, for ship's staff,including co-ordination of medical help from ashore,whenever necessary,is the responsibility of the second officer,under the guidance of the master.

* Any other duties assigned by the master or chief officer.

The foregoing general list of duties is that followed by many shipping companies in the world.
Company specific duties may be listed in the quality system documents of the company.
However the master has the right to interchange any of the duties listed above with those of the third officer or of the chief officer.

GENERAL DUTIES OF THIRD OFFICER

AT SEA OR AT ANCHOR :

Keeping bridge watch from 0800hours to 1200hours and from 2000hours to 0000hours under the supervision of the master.

IN PORT :

Keeping cargo/deck watch twelve hours a day (normally in 6 hour shifts) under the direction of the chief officer.

DURING FIRE AND BOAT DRILL :

On the navigating bridge,assisting the master.

WHEN ARRIVING OR LEAVING PORT :

In charge of the station forward.

AT ALL TIMES :

* In charge of the maintenance of LSA and FFA under the direction of the chief officer.

* In charge of LSSA ( Light and sound signalling apparatus) of the ship,reporting to the chief officer.

* In charge of all meteorological equipement onboard - instruments,publications,stationery,weather logbooks,etc,reporting to the master.

* In charge of all flags onboard,reporting to the chief officer.

* Making of cargo plans under the direction of the chief officer.

* Any other duties assigned by the master or chief officer.

DECK FITTINGS

These are the devices that are used
to secure standing rigging, running
rigging, and mooring lines.

BITTS :

Bitts are heavy metal bed plates with
two iron or steel posts. They are
used on ships for securing mooring
or towing lines.

CHOCK :

Usually there is a set
forward and after each chock.
Chocks are heavy fittings secured to
the deck. Lines are passed through
them to bollards on the pier.

Types:
1) closed
2) open
3) roller and
4) double roller.

CLEATS :

Cleats are metal fittings having two
projecting horns. They are used for
securing lines.

PAD EYES :

Pad Eyes are fixtures welded to a
deck or bulkhead. They have an eye
to which lines or tackle are fastened
and are used for securing or
handling cargo.

BULKWARK :

A bulwark is the wall around any
deck exposed to the elements. This
includes the weather deck, the poop
deck, the fore deck, and any deck on
the superstructure.

RAIL :

On top of the
bulwark is a flat rail (or plate) called
the rail. Pad eyes and cleats are
often welded to the rail.

Tuesday, 18 November 2014

SITUATIONS TO CALL THE MASTER

a) In the event of visibility becoming obscured to less than 4miles.

b) In the event of failure of any of the ships navigational equipement.

c) On any occasion that difficulty is experienced in maintaining the course.

d) If traffic was causing concern and effecting the safe progress of the ship.

e) In the event of sighting a landfall unexpectedly.

f) In the event of failing to sight landfall when expecting a landfall to.

g) If soundings are seen to be shelving unexpectedly.

h) On any occasion of encountering heavy weather.

i) If sighting ice or receiving ice warning reports of ice on the vessels track.

j) In the event of management of watchkeepers becomes untenable.

K) When sighting oil pollution on the surface.

l) If a scheduled position fix is found to be suspect or unreliable.

m) In any other emergency where the involvement of the master is considered desirable or essential.
E.g. Fire onboard

Monday, 17 November 2014

ENTRIES MADE IN OFFICIAL LOG BOOK

* Every offence commited by a member of crew and,if the offence is one for which it is intended to prosecute or to enforce a forfeiture or to a exact a fine,such statement concerning the reading over of that entry and concerning the reply,if any,made to the charge as by this ordinance required.

* Every offence for which punishment is inflicted onboard and the punishment inflicted.

* A statement of the conduct,character and qualifications,and a report on the quality of work of each member of crew , or a statement with reasons that captain declines to give an opinion on those particulars.

* Every case of illness or injury happening to a member of crew with the nature there of and the medical treatment adopted if any.

* Every case of death happening onboard and the cause.

* Every birth happening onboard with the sex of the infant and the names of the parents.

* Every marriage taking place onboard with the names and age of the parties.

* The name of the every seaman or apprentice who ceases to be a member of the crew otherwise than by death,with place,time,manner and cause.

* The wages due to any seaman or apprentice who dies or otherwise ceases to be the member of the crew , during the voyage,and the gross amount of all deductions to be made there from.

* A record of examination of provisions and water and the result of such examinations.

* The money or other such property taken over of any seaman or apprentice who dies during the voyage and the sale of such effects if any,indicating a statement of each article sold and of the sum received for it.

* Every disrating of seaman along with a statement of disrating and of the fact that copy of the entry has been furnished to the seaman.

* A statement of the effects left onboard by a seaman who is left and the amount due to him on account of wages at the time he was left behind.

* A record of inspection of crew accomdation and the result of such inspection.

* Every collision with any other ship and the circumstance under which the same occured.

* Every fire or boiler explosion occuring on the ship and the circumstance under which the same occured.

* A statement of any damage sustained by the ship or cargo as a result of any fire,boiler explosion,perils of the seas or any other reason during the voyage.

* A statement of the nature and amount of cargo jettisoned for the safety of the crew,passenger or the ship.

* The time of closing and opening the hinged doors,portable plates,side scuttles,gangway,cargo and coaling parts and other openings which are required by any rule made under this ordinance to be kept closed during navigation.

* A record of all drills and inspection required by any rules made under this ordinance with an explict record of any defects disclosed and if boat drill and fire drill are not practised onboard,the reasons to be noted.

* The particular as to the position of the deck line and loadline specified in the loadline certificate.

* Particulars relating to the depth to which the ship is loaded before leaving any place for the purpose of proceeding to sea as may be required by any rules made under this ordinance.

* Statement if any,stoaway is found onboard.

* The tonnage of the space,measured in accordance with any rules made under this ordinance occupied by goods carried as deck cargo.

* Any order made by marine board.

* Every signal of distress or message that a vessel,aircraft or a person in distress at sea,received by master.

* Any occasion when the master has been unable to go to the assistance of any vessel or aircraft or person in distress at sea together with reasons for the inability.

* A list of documents deleivered to master on taking command of the ship.

* Any other matter which may be prescribed for entry in the official log book.